Qibla direction WANTS CHANGES ARE INITIATED AND MUHAMMAD (Al-Baqarah 142-152)
At the beginning of "Islam" Muhammad and his followers make Baitul Maqdis as the center, for approximately 14 years. But about 16 to 17 months after Muhammad migrated / moved to Medina Qibla direction changes.
Since Muhammad was in Mecca usually perform prayers on the south side of the Kaaba during prayer can thus facing Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah. According to the hadith that Muhammad appreciate Baitul Maqdis as the birthplace of the prophet of God. but after the migration to Medina, he can not do that habit, since the city of Medina is north of the city of Mecca, and Baitul Maqdis is in the north of the city of Medina. Geographic location makes the city of Medina when he had his back to the Kaaba are prayers. And he does not want his back to the Kaaba.
The big question is why the change in direction of the Qibla of Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah was impressed by the will of Muhammad, because the idea of the movement is not of God. Regarding the change in direction of Qiblah from Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah, as stated in the Qur'an in Al Baqarah 142 to 152. If you look at the history of the building of the Kaaba according to archaeological and historical records in countries around Mecca that the existence of Mecca began there around the year 200 AD (2nd century) ( More information please here ), while according to archaeological proof that Ka 'bah was built the first time in 5 M by As'ad Abu Carbs which is one of the chief tribes of Yemen ( information please click here ). By studying the history of the city of Mecca and the history of the building of the Kaaba, the more apparent that there is something related to changes in the direction of Qibla.
Change the direction of Qiblah from Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah is the initiative of Muhammad as recorded in Al Baqarah 142 to 144. And change the direction of Qiblah is done by Muhammad impressed political ploy, when the teachings of Muhammad has not been widely accepted then to give the impression that the teachings of Muhammad does not conflict with the Jewish and Christian teachings, he did prayers towards Baitul Maqdis he did for 14 years of the pioneer period teachings. And when it started many followers the Qiblah direction in moving to the Haram "Kaaba". When teaching is still not widely accepted Muhammad took a stance as if secretly espoused teachings as the teachings of the surrounding community, and when the school has begun to be accepted by society with the increasing number of followers of Muhammad to show the world that this is the "I". Muhammad brave show he admits to the world. By changing the direction of Qiblah from Baitul Maqdis towards Kab'ah. Since it is very appear on Al Baqarah 144 that impression of "I" of Muhammad by God in order to give an idea to the lower clause to change the direction of the Qiblah to Kaaba.
Associated with the direction of the Qiblah while Muhammad Prayer is the initiative of Muhammad as recorded in Al Baqarah 142 and 143. Asserted that God does not question where the direction of the Qibla because Allah belongs the east and west (Al Baqarah 142) and determining the direction of Qibla or Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah is the will of Allah Muhammad himself because not specify the direction of Qibla (Al Baqarah 143). Change the direction of Qiblah from Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah only to distinguish where followers of Muhammad and which are not, in other words to show where obedient to Muhammad and which are not obedient. And when viewed from the point where the military just to show that became Muhammad's men and which are not. Or it could mean that Muhammad positioned itself as a leader or a king that all words must be obeyed by his followers.
But before discussing the change in direction of the Qiblah from Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah and then we try to provide information Actually there is nothing in Baitul Maqdis and where is it?
Baitul Maqdis
Baitul Maqdis is a city located in the Palestinian territories, namely in the city of Jerusalem which meant 'a safe place to live'. Jerusalem is a city in the oldest city still occupied to this day. The city became an important historical growth celestial religions of Judaism and Christianity and Islam when Islam ruled over Jerusalem in the time of Caliph Umar al-Khattab (after Muhammad's death).
In Jerusalem there is a high ground surrounded by walls. The area called "Mount Temple" which is believed to be the temple of God, founded by David's son Solomon or referred to by Muslims as the Prophet Solomon.
At the top of "Mount Temple" there is a floating stone. The existence of the floating stone existed long before Muhammad was born into the world. Even believed that the building of Al-Aqsa Mosque was built on the floating rock. The name of Al-Aqsa Mosque in Arabic mean 'distant mosque'. And the floating stone regarded as the center of the "Temple Mount".
The Qur'an does not explain why Muhammad for 14 years makes Baitul Maqdis as Qiblah direction. According to some hadith mentioned Qiblah direction to Baitul Maqdis only as a form of respect Muhammad as in Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem) is the birthplace of prophets.
The question is that right? or else of intent Muhammad made Jerusalem as qibla direction for 14 years.
Actually why for 14 years Muhammad made the Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem) as the direction of the Qiblah. If the reason is because in Baitul Maqdis Mosque Al-Aqsa there then it is not a good reason for the existence of the Al-Aqsa Mosque is currently Caliph Umar Al Khattab Jerusalem master course after Muhammad died.
The direction change is the idea and initiative of Muhammad
Change the direction of Qiblah from Baitul Maqdis and to the Kaaba in Al Baqarah 142 to 152 it appears that the change initiative or idea Qibla direction from Muhammad. As stated in al-Baqara 144 highly visible once that God granted Muhammad for 17 months in order to make the Kaaba as the Qiblah direction. And the previous verses should also be taken into consideration. Like Al Baqarah 142 explained that in fact God bless all directions of the earth and paragraph 142 could also be a basic fact that the Qibla of Muslims could be in the other direction to the direction of Qibla. More over if you see that the earth is round shape then when we passed by Earth at a constant 360 degrees direction it will go back to the original point.
Now let's look at Al Baqarah 142-144 as below.
Al Baqarah 142
The foolish among the people will say, "What has turned them away from their qiblah, roomates they used to face?"Say, "To Allah belongs the east and the west. He guides Whom He wills to a straight path."
Footnotes:
[93]. That is: are those that are less so his mind can not understand the purpose of the transfer mecca.
[94]. At the time of the Prophet Muhammad was in Mecca in the middle of the polytheists he was oriented to Baitul Maqdis. But after 16 or 17 months in Medina the Prophet was in the midst of the Jews and the Christians he was told by God to take the Kaaba to be the center, particularly to give the sense that it is not a prayer in worship towards Baitul Maqdis and the Kaaba was a goal , but exposes himself to God. For the unity of Muslims, Allah has made the Kaaba as the Qiblah.
Al Baqarah 143
And Thus we have made you a just community that you will be witnesses over the people and the Messenger will be a witness over you. And We did not make the qiblah roomates you used to face except that We might make-evident who would follow the Messenger from who would turn back on his heels. And indeed, it is difficult except for those Whom Allah has guided. And never would Allah have by the caused you to lose your faith. Indeed Allah is, to the people, Kind and Merciful.
Footnotes:
[95]. Muslims made a fair race and choice, as they will be witnesses for the actions of people who deviate from the truth in the world and in the hereafter.
Al Baqarah 144
We have certainly seen the turning of your face, [O Muhammad], toward the heaven, and We will surely turn you to a qiblah with roomates you will be pleased. So turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram. And wherever you [believers] are, turn your faces toward it [in prayer]. Indeed, those who have been given the Scripture well know that it is the truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.
Footnotes:
[96]. The point is that the Prophet Muhammad prayed often look into the sky and waiting for the revelation that commanded him facing Baitullah.
Al Baqarah 149
So from wherever you go out [for prayer, O Muhammad] turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram, and indeed, it is the truth from your Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.
Al Baqarah 150
And from wherever you go out [for prayer], turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram. And wherever you [believers] may be, turn your faces toward it in order that the people will not have any argument against you, except for those of them who commit wrong; so fear them not but fear Me. And [it is] so I may complete My favor upon you and that you may be guided.
The above is according to the Qur'an and the following is a change in direction of the Qibla of Islam according to the hadith. as follows according to the hadith of Sahih Bukhari-40, which reads:
عن البراء أن النبى - صلى الله عليه وسلم - كان أول ما قدم المدينة نزل على أجداده - أو قال أخواله - من الأنصار, وأنه صلى قبل بيت المقدس ستة عشر شهرا, أو سبعة عشر شهرا, وكان يعجبه أن تكون قبلته قبل البيت, وأنه صلى أول صلاة صلاها صلاة العصر, وصلى معه قوم, فخرج رجل ممن صلى معه, فمر على أهل مسجد, وهم راكعون فقال أشهد بالله لقد صليت مع رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قبل مكة, فداروا كما هم قبل البيت, وكانت اليهود قد أعجبهم إذ كان يصلى قبل بيت المقدس, وأهل الكتاب, فلما ولى وجهه قبل البيت أنكروا ذلك. قال زهير حدثنا أبو إسحاق عن البراء فى حديثه هذا أنه مات على القبلة قبل أن تحول رجال وقتلوا, فلم ندر ما نقول فيهم, فأنزل الله تعالى (وما كان الله ليضيع إيمانكم
Of Barra 'that the Prophet Muhammad first came to Madinah stay at home grandparents or uncles him from among the Ansar. When the Prophet prayed facing Baitul Maqdis (Al-Quds or Jerusalem) between 16 or 17 months old. Verily Allah prefers the House (Ka'bah) as the center. First Prophet praying with facing the Kaaba is the Asar prayer in congregation implementation. Then one who finished bermakmum to the Prophet came out and went past a mosque at the time of his congregation were bowing facing Baitul Maqdis. Then the man said, "By God, I just pray with the Prophet facing Baitullah in Makkah." Then they immediately change the qibla facing Baitullah. Jews and scribes initially very proud when the Prophet and his followers prayed facing Baitul Maqdis. But after switching to Baitullah Muslims criticized the change. Zuhair said, Abu Ishaq said of Barra 'in this hadith, that a lot of people who have died in the mecca still to Baitul Maqdis and many were killed after Baitullah facing the Qibla. We do not understand how the law of prayer. Then the verse, "Allah will not waste your faith." (Surat al-Baqara: 143)
وأنه صلى أول صلاة صلاها صلاة العصر, وصلى معه قوم, فخرج رجل ممن صلى معه, فمر على أهل مسجد, وهم راكعون فقال أشهد بالله لقد صليت مع رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قبل مكة, فداروا كما هم قبل البيت
This is the history of displacement mecca. He started in Asar prayers on that day, mid-Rajab year 2 H. That's for the first time in the Prophet's Mosque, praying facing the Kaaba. And such other orders fall through revelation, the friends soon spread to be understood and implemented by Muslims immediately.
Someone mentioned in this hadith, which promptly announced to the congregation prayers elsewhere is Abbad bin Bishr. Asar prayers Jama'ah Abbad encountered in this hadith is Bani Salamah. And subhaanallah, they immediately change the direction of the Qibla, even though it was in a state of bowing. The mosque is what is now called the Qiblatain Masjid (Mosque with two qibla), because at that time the friends Asar prayers facing Baitul Maqdis and then change the direction of the qibla facing the Kaaba.
Al Baqarah verse 142 could actually be the basis that wherever God does not question the direction of the Qiblah.Because the earth and the universe were created by God so do not be surprised if it is written in Al Baqarah 142 that all is God's way as written below "Say:" To Allah belongs the east and the west, He gives guidance to whom He wills to a way that straight "
It's just that the Al Baqara 142 contained the phrase "lack of sense" in a footnote by the Department of Indonesian republic religion translated by people who are not thinking that it can not understand the purpose of the transfer mecca. Seem less reasonable sentence sentences angry or emotional high and it felt less authoritative or spoken by people who are not educated. Why why until the sentence?
Associated with the direction of Qiblah is done by Muhammad at Prayer either towards Baitul Maqdis and the direction of the Kaaba after the migration to Medina is an initiative of Muhammad himself as the Al Baqara 143says that "And We have not set a mecca that became kiblatmu (now)" . Because the word "We" use case then it could be said that the word "We" is the personal representative of God.
Further changes in the direction of the Qibla of Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah just to distinguish which dutiful to Muhammad and which are not obedient. Here Muhammad positioned itself as a leader or as a king could be. So that all words must be obeyed, and to know he can physically see any way the Arabs are not prayer facing the Kaaba is not Muhammad, but instead if "prayer" it overlooks the Kaaba then he is the man Muhammad. When Muhammad positioned itself as a leader or even a king then he does not deserve to be a role model. Because as it is written that it is willing to serve others is the highest rank before Allah.
Because that is least among you all is the greatest
(Luke 9: 48 b)
We think that the above description is quite related to the change in direction of the Qibla of Baitul Maqdis to the Ka'bah as an initiative of Muhammad himself.
Reference
http://mediabilhikmah.blogspot.com/2011/09/pemindahan-arah-kiblat.html
http://sayyidario.blogspot.com/2010/02/riset-geografi-hikmah-pemindahan-kiblat.html
http://kisahislamiah.blogspot.com/2013/03/14-tahun-baitul-maqdis-dijadikan-kiblat.html
http://edukasi.kompasiana.com/2012/04/04/sejarah-menghadap-kiblat-452512.html
http://angelamaimatafa.blogspot.com/2012/12/sejarah-pemindahan-arah-kiblat-dari.html
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