The oil spill in waters that are usually difficult to disentangle the cause of death of living creatures in these waters.It is a problem of environmental pollution. The current assumption has been slightly corrected since discovered species of fungus Fusarium oxysporum that can break down contaminants Oil. .Fusarium oxysporum also have the ability to survive under high salinity, so it remains effective outlines oil spill in the sea.
In general, an oil spill occurred due to natural processes and by human. 60 percent of the oil spills occur because of natural processes and human activities rest. Akitab human activity because the process of oil drilling and transport or can be due to the production stage, although very rare.
This time to restore the environment from the effects of oil pollution has done several options available in engineering is done with chemicals or chemical, physical and bioremediation. And lately the most done in the rehabilitation environment is polluted with bioremediation because it is relatively more friendly to the environment.latest research findings and linked to the Fusarium oxysporum (F oxysporum) which was also able to rehabilitate the oil polluted environment. As it has been understood in the field of agriculture that Fusarium fungus is more widely known as a soil fungus that causes disease in agricultural crops such as onions and banana plants. While the fungus Fusarium are memparasit human pathogenic fungus as a cause of infection of the cornea (Fungal keratitis), nails (onychomucosis) and the skin (hyalohyphomycosis).
The study of the soil microorganisms (Fusarium oxysporum) were isolated from the Indonesian rainforest poorer crude could decipher. Decomposition can be done either on the soil media either alkaline or acidic soil soil can even decipher crude oil at high salinity conditions.
Findings Asep Hidayat (energy expert from the Research and Development of Ministry of Forestry) is the subject of his doctoral thesis at the University of Ehime, Japan, "Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Polychlorinated Aromatic Compounds (PACs), Polylactic Acid (PLA) / kenaf, Composite, and Crude Oil by Fungi Screened from Nature ", was patented in 2011. Asep findings published in 2012 in a number of international journals, such as Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, and Fungal Biology. Search process performed asep microorganisms since 2007.
Laboratory scale research
results prove that the tested Fusarium oxysporum can decompose crude oil and some of its derivatives such as n-octadecane chrysenedan. Asep examined 62 soil resources in Japan and in Indonesia and gained 92 fungus Fusarium oxysporum that leads to the ground in a laboratory screening process.
Fusarium oxysporum isolates tested in crude oil proved able decipher the crude oil. Unique from Fusarium oxysporum is even in isolation from tropical forests remain resistant to high salt levels (sea water). "Sea water contains salts that complicate living microorganisms. However, Fusarium fungus can live and effectively break down crude oil (crude oil)," Not only that Fusarium oxysporum was also resistant to alkaline conditions mapun acidic conditions with pH 4-8.
fungus Fusarium oxysporum is also capable of describing the derivative of crude oil that are difficult Chrysene is described. Decomposition Fusarium oxysporum on Chrysene produce carbon dioxide and water are safe for living organisms.
Field application of in
Fusarium oxysporum currently tested in the field, but implementation on the ground is not as easy as imagined because many factors influence such as temperature, weather, currents and sunlight.
One obsession Conservation and Development Research Center of Rehabilitation (Puskonser) The Ministry of Forestry is found for the bioremediation of textile dyes that pollute the river in the textile industry. Puskonser head Adi Susmianto expect similar findings could be applied to the pulp and paper industry. Industries that use a lot of bleach made from chemicals in the cleaning process color paper. "The findings Asep Puskonser increasingly inspired to undertake collection efforts microbes for various purposes, whether bioremediation, biohealth, biofuels, bioplastics, and bioreklamasi," said Adi.
Utilization of microbes as bioremediation agents is expected to improve the quality of forest and environment.Being developed Fusaiurm utilization oxysporum on acid mine drainage treatment, post-mining reclamation, to tackle heavy metal pollution due to the use of mercury in gold mining.
Microbial utilization of resources and providing promising opportunities for the future of Indonesia and the world.The Nagoya Protocol is ratified by Indonesia on 11 April 2013 to hopes for the owners benefit sharing "germ plasm" of microbes of tropical forests can be used by other countries and benefit the lives of inhabitants.
Sources:
Compass Print
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